财经英语学习笔记

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五大王牌提高雅思语句表现力
     
　　1、把句中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如：

　　Weak: The trees are bare. The grass is brown. The landscape seems drab. Revision:The brown grass and bare trees form a drab landscape. (转换为前置定语)

　　Or: The landscape, bare and brown, begged for spring green. (转换为并列结构作后置定语)

　　2、将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如：

　　1) Weak: The team members are good players.

　　Revision: The team members play well.

　　2) Weak: One worker's plan is the elimination of tardiness.

　　Revision: One worker's plan eliminates tardiness.

　　3、在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中，把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。例如：

　　1) Weak: There is no opportunity for promotion.

　　Revision: No opportunity for promotion exists.

　　2) Weak: Here are the books you ordered.

　　Revision: The books you ordered have arrived.

　　二、多用语意具体的动词，保持句意简洁明了。例如：

　　1、Poor: My supervisor went past my desk.

　　Better: My supervisor sauntered (=walked slowly) past my desk.

　　2、Poor: She is a careful shopper.

　　Better: She compares prices and quality.

　　三、尽量运用主动语态。例如：

　　1、Weak: The organization has been supported by charity.

　　Better: Charity has supported the organization.

　　2、Weak: The biscuits were stacked on a plate.

　　Better: Mother stacked the biscuits on a plate.

　　四、防止使用语意冗长累赘的词语。例如：

　　1、Wordy: My little sister has a preference for chocolate milk.

　　Improved: My little sister prefers chocolate milk.

　　2、Wordy: We are in receipt of your letter and intend to follow your recommendations.

　　Improved: We have received your letter and intended to follow your recommendation.

　　3、Redundant: We had a serious crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.

　　Improved: We had a crisis at school yesterday when our chemistry laboratory caught fire.

　　4、Redundant: My sister and I bought the same, identical dress in different stores.

　　Improved: My sister and I bought the same dress in different stores.

　　五、杜绝滥用陈旧词语或难懂的专业术语。例如：

　　1、Weak: They will not agree to his proposals in any shape or form.

　　Improved: They will not agree to any of his proposals.

　　2、Weak: I need her financial input before I can guesstimate our expenditures next fall.

　　Improved: I need her financial figures before I can estimate our expenditures next fall.
转自国际电台

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1950是底，但这两天有回落在2030的机会，不破2030的话，会有一波较大级别的行情（2-3周），可能性较大，以水泥建材为主。看图。放量过了右肩，但不能追涨，回落时才能吸。

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外语的应用能力,是学习能力和毅力的体现,千万不要轻薄外语好的人..90%的人都试图放弃过,大多数人都曾有过砸耳机的冲动,所以那极少数能趟过来的人,不容易.
四多,是老师们最常说的.读和听是输入能力,,写和说是输出能力.四种能力是互补的.
1.读
1)英语单词多,最令人头痛,所以要大量阅读.固定搭配也较重要.如:win a contract,go a long way towards,
2)词性的转换能力,通常是考试必考的,把词典以IN UN DIS等开头的词都要背一遍,实在不为过.对ment,tive,tion ,CIAL.ED,ship able 等结尾的要整理分类记,常用的复合词要累积.
3),养成用E_E词典的习惯.
4)养成全文理解的习惯.
2.写.
1)目标读者.2)字数要恰当.3)复合句要用上,但不能多.4)专业类考试应多用专业词,但一般的语言考试则避免.5)写作时的语法不重要,没有说话时讲究语法的重要.6)内部结构及连接词的运用.7)语气态度.8)灵活,俏皮.
3.听
1)熟悉文体.如新闻、报告、讲座、讨论常用的句法。
2）刚起步的成年人要在脑海里马上转换成文字，速读很重要，固定搭配有预先的效果。
3）说话人的态度及观点最好作个预测。聪明的人，也许先已知道他说的内容。
4）训练听长篇对话，如talk show.
5) 话题转换.
4 说
听力好,写作好的人,说的能力也会好.但对发音的个人特点,话语的组织及互动能力也重要.中国式的发音,往往元音不饱满,鼻音不够自然.轻读及连读控制度不好.

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14日,广东省珠海市中级人民法院一审以贪污、受贿罪判处原广发银行珠海分行行长屈建国死刑、缓刑两年执行,剥夺政治权利终身,并处没收个人全部财产。
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
　　广发行是我国第一个股份制银行（现代企业），但它的发案数相对较高，为什么？这里起码说明，我国传统的一些银行管理经验和文化是值得关注的．
　　他各种贪财手法，并没有显示出金融机构贪腐案例的特点．监督行长权力的岗位应该超出１５个，限制他权力的文件也可能超一百份，但几乎没有发生作用．令人深思．
　　

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有趣的郎咸平：
八年前，我曾预言郎咸平很可能成为大思想家，现在看起来，是真的。
多年前，一片捧郎声，如今却是一片骂郎声。可见国人多轻浮。
郎咸平最大的成就，在于发现了伦理建设是当今我们面临最迫切的。
有趣么，一位财务专家，提出的哲学命题，却是他最重要的发现。
当中的奥秘在哪里？
只要我们回顾一下顾准走过的人生，
你就可能会理解郎咸平思想的价值所在：
公有制、平等、信托责任、法制。
这种构建，可能是民族复兴的正确之路。

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关于银行股的估价，我曾做过评估。银行股有了价值投资机会。主要原因是坏账没那没坏，只要土地的价值还在，它就不会坏到哪里去。

     ＢＡＬＡＮＣＥ　ＳＨＥＥＴ　ＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＯＮ　ＭＥＴＨＯＤＳ

　　　　　　Ａ　ｂｅｔｔｅｒ　ｍｅａｓｕｒｅ　ｏｆ　ａ　ｆｌｏｏｒ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｔｏｒｋ　ｐｒｉｃｅ　ｉｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｍ～ｓ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｔｉｏｎ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｐｅｒ　ｓｈａｒｅ．Ｔｈｉｓ　ｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓ　ｔｈｅ　ａｍｏｕｎｔ　ｏｆ　ｍｏｎｅｙ　ｔｈａｔ　ｃｏｕｌｄ　ｂｅ　ｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄ　ｂｙ　ｂｒｅａｋｉｎｇ　ｕｐ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｅｍ，　ｓｅｌｌｉｎｇ　ｉｔｓ　ａｓｓｅｔｓ，ｒｅｐａｙｉｎｇ　ｉｔｓ　ｄｅｂｔ，ａｎｄ　ｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｎｇ　ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｍａｉｎｄｅｒ　ｔｏ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｈａｒｅｈｏｌｄｅｒｓ．　Ｔｈｅ　ｒｅａｓｏｎｉｎｇ　ｂｅｈｉｎｄ　ｔｈｉｓ　ｃｏｎｃｅｐｔ　ｉｓ　ｔｈａｔ　ｉｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ　ｐｒｉｃｅ　ｏｆ　ｅｑｕｉｔｙ　ｄｒｏｐｓ　ｂｅｌｏｗ　ｔｈｅ　ｌｉｑｕｄａｔｉｏｎ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｍ，ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｍ　ｂｅｃｏｍｅｓ　ａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅ　ａｓ　ａ　ｔａｋｅｏｖｅｒ　ｔａｒｇｅｔ．　Ａ　ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｅ　ｒａｉｄｅｒ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｆｉｎｄ　ｉｔ　ｐｒｏｆｉｔａｂｌｅ　ｔｏ　ｂｕｙ　ｅｎｏｕｇｈ　ｓｈａｒｅ　ｔｏ　ｇａｉｎ　ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ　ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅｎ　ａｃｔｕａｌｌｙ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｔｅ　　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｔｉｏｎ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｅｘｃｅｅｄｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ　ａｓ　ａ　ｇｏｉｎｇ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ．

　　Ａｎｏｔｈｅｒ　ｂａｌａｎｃｅ　ｓｈｅｅｔ　ｃｏｎｃｅｐｔ　ｔｈａｔ　ｉｓ　ｏｆ　ｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ　ｉｎ　ｖａｌｕｉｎｇ　ａ　ｆｉｒｍ　ｉｓ　ｔｈｅ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ　ｃｏｓｔ　ｏｆ　ｉｔｓ　ａｓｓｅｔｓ　ｌｅｓｓ　ｉｔｓ　ｌｉａｂｉｌｉｔｉｅｓ．Ｓｏｍｅ　ａｎａｌｙｓｔｓ　ｂｅｌｉｅｖｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｍａｒｋｅｔ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｏｆ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｍ　ｃａｎｎｏｔ　ｇｅｔ　ｔｏｏ　ｆａｒ　ａｂｏｖｅ　ｉｔｓ　ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ　ｃｏｓｔ　ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ，　ｉｆ　ｉｔ　ｄｉｄ，ｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｏｒｓ　ｗｏｕｌｄ　ｔｒｙ　ｔｏ　ｒｅｐｌｉｃａｔｅ　ｔｈｅ　ｆｉｒｍ．

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ｇｏｉｎｇ　ｃｏｎｃｅｒｎ：持续经营。这是一条很重要的原理。在企业管理和分析中，这个概念的重要性在前5位。
ｌｉｑｕｉｄａｔｉｏｎ　ｖａｌｕｅ　ｐｅｒ　ｓｈａｒｅ：每股清算价。
ａ　ｆｌｏｏｒ　ｆｏｒ　ｔｈｅ　ｓｔｏｒｋ　ｐｒｉｃｅ：股票地板价。
break up 解散公司
ｔａｋｅｏｖｅｒ　ｔａｒｇｅｔ 收购目标（指对企业）
ｒｅｐｌａｃｅｍｅｎｔ　ｃｏｓｔ 重置成本

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特色用语：

造假帐的几个表达：Make  false (fraud) accounts
           cook the book （加工过的，当然非真实）
     内帐       private ledger（机要帐，外人不能看的）
detect fraud 发现做假
a key measure of  关键指标
critical element     关键部份
bottom line  纯利  （最重要的当然是利润）
break down 详细分解。（敲碎后）
option  期权 （选择）
performance  状况 （看你如何表演，状态）
overlook     忽略
oversight   忽视
IP 知识产权 和CCTV一样，不能乱解
under scrutiny 严控
write off 冲销 （把数字擦掉）
wear out  磨损
entity 管理学最重要的概念:主体
be worse off 遭难
over the counter 场外交易
default  违约
derivative 衍生工具
FIFO 先进先出 first in first out
MD&A 管理层财务会议

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说真话的人太少。
这些人值得尊重：胡德平，陆德，许成刚，华生。

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如何低吸高抛，抓题。业绩将成为下一热点。
此股40天长了60%

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常见的pay off在词典通常解为偿还。但从财经角度看，这种偿还是一种对投入的偿还和回报，所以，有获利，见效，收益等意义

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书写报告常用句型;
1.In response to your recent  enqury regarding .... we would  be glad to provide the following details
2.According+to the government regulation.
3With .permission by the company,we are enclosing...in order to assist you in accessing the application

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记者问民政部长“死猪投江是不是付不起火葬费”.

这位记者应该直通春晚.

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CCTV-9听写材料,李金华在北大演讲,核心词:和谐

Auditor General of China National Auditing Office Li Jinhua gave a lecture to Peking University teachers and students at the Sunshine Hall on the afternoon of Dec. 2nd.

Mr. li made a one-and-half-hour lecture under the topic of “Auditing for a more harmonious society”. He introduced to the audience the history and current development of China’s auditing and briefly explained the auditing institutions and procedures before he elaborated the main theme of his lecture—auditing should and could make more contributions to the construction of a socialist harmonious society.

“Auditing should and could facilitate the great cause of a socialist harmonious society in at least three aspects.” The Auditor General stated.

“Auditing promotes legal administration and ensures that government units and staff act in strict accordance with the laws; auditing ensures the safety of state-owned properties and reduces government waste to a large extent; auditing following rules can promote social justice and stability.” Mr. Li elaborated his three points with many statistics and examples.

Talking about his life of twenty years in auditing, Mr. Li admitted that auditing is a “tough” job because “auditors pick out problems which are connected with financial interests”. However, he also pointed out that auditing has an increasingly brilliant future when the government as a whole in moving toward legal administration. Mr. Li called on Peking University students to join in the auditing force since “Much more work remains to be done in this area”. He also expressed three hopes for Peking University students: to be responsible, to have dreams, and to think in depth.

The Auditor General’s lecture was organized by the Student Union of Peking University as the fourth speech of Peking University Government Forum.

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why do we say that it is very important  study of stock  market?

I believe that asset price reflect all the available possible informations.If you want to find out whether a company is doing well or not,you do not  have to take the trouble to read all the finanace reports,just look at the stock market.If you want to know whether a country is doing well or not, you do not have to study its entire political system ang current events,just look at the general stock market of the country and that will tell you everything.

colllection:搜括民财.
prepare:准备挨批