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http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/dhlchi/language/
保护母语,促进语言和文化的多样性,有法理依据。
请看:
这些都是联合国网站上的文件资料。
国际母语日
2003年2月21日
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1999年11月,联合国教科文组织的一般性大会宣布:从2000年起,每年的2月21日为国际母语日。纪念国际母语日,旨在促进语言和文化的多样性,以及多语种化。
语言是保存和发展人类有形和无形遗产的最有力的工具。各种促进母语传播的运动,都不仅有助于语言的多样化和多语种的教育,而且能够提高对全世界各语言和文化传统的认识,以此在理解、容忍和对话的基础上,促成世界人民的团结。
联合国和联合国系统的其他链接:
联合国教科文组织
国际母语日
B@bel倡议
联合国
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总干事的国际母语日致辞
2003 年2 月21 日
今年是我们开展纪念国际母语日活动的第四年。我们之所以开展这项纪念活动,其目的在于鼓
励开展各种形式的弘扬、发展和教授母语的活动。
为什么如此重视母语呢?这是因为语言是人类所有丰富多彩的创造性所不可或缺的一种表达形
式。它们既是交流、认知和思考的工具,又是世界观形成的基石和承传过去、现在和未来的纽带。
它们本身就记载着它们之间的交融汇聚,它们随着各自特定历史的需要,相互借鉴,相得益彰。
一个人只有一种母语,他一出生,母语即将伴随其终生,为其提供独特的认识事物的方式,而
且不管以后他学会了多少种语言,也永远不会真的将它忘却。因此,学习他人的语言,亦意味着涉
猎他人认识世界的视角和方法。
我们高兴地看到国际母语日获得了越来越大的成功,许多国家采取了更多的举措,来弘扬和研
究世界的语言宝库。
在科索沃,一所小学利用母语日发起了与来自“不同学校和不同国家”的学生的通信活动。在
墨西哥,人们则朗诵诗歌、演唱土著人民的歌曲,阅读神话故事和戏剧作品。在菲律宾,举行了一
个仪式,题为“在语言的星系里,一个字就是一颗星”。在孟加拉国的达卡建立了“国际母语研究
所”,2000 年,联合国秘书长柯菲·安南为研究所奠基。
我为我们的努力取得的成果感到非常高兴,也为文化和语言的多样性得到全世界的承认、赞同
并举行庆祝活动感到高兴。这其中蕴含着多重意义:保护母语有助于可持续发展。语言的多样性与
生物多样性并非互不相干,一种语言的消失有时也就是对世界生物保护区的一个威胁。语言是人类
非物质遗产的有机组成部分。即使语言是一个有生命的过程,要经历生、发展,有时也会消亡这样
的过程,但我们仍要尽一切努力尽可能地去保存它们,从而保护对我们来说如此珍贵的文化多样
性。教科文组织坚持不懈地致力于这项事业,迎接多种语言提出的挑战,支持旨在促进母语的语言
政策。
我希望今年母语日的庆祝活动再次取得成功,也希望我们能从世界各地得到为尊重世界的各种
语言和文化而采取的各种举措的佳讯。
松浦晃一郎
http://www.unesco.org/education/imld_2003/
促进语言和文化的多样性,以及多语种化:
12 Implementation of a language policy for the world based on multilingualism1
The General Conference,
Recognizing the need to improve understanding and communication among peoples,
Also recognizing the great importance of safeguarding the linguistic and cultural heritage of humanity and extending the influence of each of the cultures and languages of which that heritage is composed,
Considering the current threat to linguistic diversity posed by the globalization of communication and the tendency to use a single language, at the risk of marginalizing the other major languages of the world, or even of causing the lesser-used languages, including regional languages, to disappear,
Also considering that educating young people throughout the world involves sensitizing them to dialogue between cultures, which engenders tolerance and mutual respect,
Further considering that substantial progress has been made in the last few decades by the language sciences, but that insufficient attention has been paid to the extraordinary ability of children to reproduce sounds at key periods of their development,
Noting that the ability of children to acquire phonetic and grammatical skills has been scientifically corroborated,
Considering that these skills enable young children to acquire competence at an early age in real communication, both passive and active, in at least two languages, whichever they may be,
Aware that democratic access to knowledge depends on a command of several languages and that provision of such access for all is a duty at a time when private language training, which is both expensive and elitist, is spreading in many countries,
Mindful of the resolutions adopted in support of bilingual education at its 18th and 19th sessions (1974 and 1976),
Taking into account the establishment by the Executive Board in October 1998 of the Advisory Committee for Linguistic Pluralism and Multilingual Education and the creation of the Languages Division in the Education Sector by the Director-General in 1998,
Recommends that Member States:
(a) create the conditions for a social, intellectual and media environment of an international character which is conducive to linguistic pluralism;
(b) promote, through multilingual education, democratic access to knowledge for all citizens, whatever their mother tongue, and build linguistic pluralism; strategies to achieve these goals could include:
the early acquisition (in kindergartens and nursery schools) of a second language in addition to the mother tongue, offering alternatives;
further education in this second language at primary-school level based on its use as a medium of instruction, thus using two languages for the acquisition of knowledge throughout the school course up to university level;
intensive and transdisciplinary learning of at least a third modern language in secondary school, so that when pupils leave school they have a working knowledge of three languages - which should represent the normal range of practical linguistic skills in the twenty-first century;
an assessment of secondary-school leaving certificates with a view to promoting a grasp of modern languages from the point of view of communication and understanding;
international exchanges of primary- and secondary-school teachers, offering them a legal framework for teaching their subjects in schools in other countries, using their own languages and thus enabling their pupils to acquire both knowledge and linguistic skills;
due attention in education, vocational training and industry to the potential represented by regional languages, minority languages, where they exist, and migrants?languages of origin;
availability to teachers and education authorities of a computerized network, including a database, to facilitate exchanges of information and experience;
the establishment of a national and/or regional committee to study and make proposals on linguistic pluralism in order to initiate the necessary dialogue between the representatives of all professions and all disciplines so that they can identify the main lines of a language education system which is adapted to each country but which also facilitates international communication, while preserving the rich and inalienable linguistic and cultural heritage of humanity;
(c) encourage the study of the languages of the major ancient and modern civilizations, with a view to safeguarding and promoting a literary education;
Invites the Director-General to refer the matter to the Advisory Committee for Linguistic Pluralism and Multilingual Education.
37 Draft recommendation on the promotion and use of multilingualism and universal access to cyberspace 1
The General Conference,
Having examined the report submitted by the Director-General, in accordance with 29 C/Resolution 36, on the implementation of activities on the ethical, legal and societal aspects of cyberspace,
Taking note of the results of activities carried out by the Organization on the promotion and use of multilingualism and universal access to cyberspace, as reported in document 30 C/31,
Also taking note of the establishment by the Director-General of the Advisory Committee for Linguistic Pluralism and Multilingual Education, in accordance with 29 C/Resolution 38 (para. 2.B(b)),
Recognizing the importance of multilingualism for the promotion of universal access to information, particularly to information in the public domain,
Recognizing also the importance of multilingualism for the promotion of multiculturality on global information networks,
Reiterates its conviction that UNESCO should play a leading international role in promoting access to information in the public domain, especially by encouraging multilingualism and cultural diversity on global information networks;
Invites Member States, non-governmental organizations, the world intellectual community and the scientific institutions concerned to support and participate actively in the development of multilingualism and cultural diversity on the global information networks by facilitating free and universal access to information in the public domain;
Invites Member States to approve, in this light, the proposed new strategy "Initiative B@bel" outlined in paragraph 14 of document 30 C/31;
Invites the Director-General, after consultation with the Advisory Committee for Linguistic Pluralism and Multilingual Education, to submit for approval to the 159th session of the Executive Board a list of the first projects to be undertaken in this framework;
Also invites the Director-General to undertake the following concrete actions to promote multilingualism and cultural diversity on global information networks:
(a) to strengthen activities to make cultural heritage in the public domain which is preserved in museums, libraries and archives freely accessible on the global information networks;
(b) to support the formulation of national and international policies and principles encouraging all Member States to promote the development and use of translation tools and terminology for better interoperability;
(c) to encourage the provision of resources for linguistic pluralism through global networks, in particular by reinforcing the UNESCO international observatory on the information society;
(d) to pursue further consultations with Member States and competent international governmental and non-governmental organizations for closer cooperation on language rights, respect for linguistic diversity and the expansion of multilingual electronic resources on the global information networks;
6. Further invites the Director-General to submit to it at its 31st session a report on the implementation of the actions outlined above and a draft recommendation on the promotion and use of multilingualism and universal access to cyberspace.
[ 本帖由 hcb8188 于 2003-12-20 18:33 最后编辑 ] |
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